Mitophagy

Mitophagy is the selective form of autophagy that targets damaged or depolarized mitochondria for lysosomal degradation, with the PINK1/Parkin pathway being the best-characterized route alongside PINK1/Parkin-independent receptor pathways. By removing dysfunctional mitochondria, it can help limit oxidative stress and support bioenergetic function. Impaired mitophagy is linked to neurodegeneration, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular aging, and compounds such as urolithin A are studied for effects consistent with enhanced mitophagy markers, including in older and middle-aged adults.